Keys & Credit

How Down Payment Assistance Actually Works (And Who Qualifies)

• Bill Jerikovsky & Barb Miller

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Think you need a massive down payment to buy a home? Let’s dismantle that myth with a clear look at how down payment assistance really works—and how it can help you keep more cash in your pocket while still landing the keys. We open up the playbook on grants versus assistance, what’s truly “free,” and the fine print that matters: credit score minimums, income limits tied to area median income, and asset caps that determine eligibility.

We walk through real numbers and real scenarios: using $14,000 in state assistance and stacking county funds, paying a small second-mortgage payment versus deferring it until sale, and even leveraging assistance alongside VA and USDA loans to cover closing costs when sellers won’t contribute. You’ll hear why some programs vanish overnight, how replenishment works, and the strategy for timing your pre-approval so you’re ready the moment funds open back up. We also explain a critical policy shift—no more flagging subordinate financing in offers—so qualified buyers aren’t sidelined by outdated assumptions.

The goal isn’t chasing “free money”; it’s building a smarter path to homeownership. That might mean getting in with as little as $1,000, keeping $4,000–$10,000 in your account for post-close expenses, and choosing between assistance structures that fit your timeline. We share buyer stories, practical tips, and the questions to ask your lender to compare side-by-side scenarios—cash to close, total payment, and long-term equity impact—so your decision is confident, not rushed.

Ready to see what you qualify for and how fast you can move? Follow the show, share this with a friend who’s saving for a down payment, and leave a quick review to help more buyers find clear guidance. Your keys may be closer than you think.


0:00 Setting The Record Straight

0:22 First-Time Buyer Myths

1:00 Grants vs Assistance: What’s Real

1:40 Local Funds And Why They Run Out

2:44 Minnesota Housing: How It Works

3:27 Payback Types And Terms

4:20 Who Qualifies And With What Loans

5:10 Using Funds For Costs And Points

6:00 No Longer Disclosing Subordinate Financing

7:10 Real Stories: Thousand-Dollar Keys

8:20 Income Limits And AMI Basics

9:35 Keep Your Cash, Use Assistance

10:30 Beyond Assistance: True Grant Options

11:35 Pre-Approval, Next Steps, And Wrap

SPEAKER_02:

Welcome to Keys in Credit, the No Fluff, No Nonsense Real Estate and Mortgage Podcast. I'm Barb, your straight talking lender.

SPEAKER_00:

And I am Bill the No Bullshit Realtor. What are we talking about today, Barb?

SPEAKER_02:

Well, I was thinking we were going to talk about unlocking homeownership and down payment assistance.

SPEAKER_00:

With first-time home buyers, right? Right. Do you have to be a first-time home buyer to use down payment assistance? No. You don't? You can be a second, third, fourth, or fifth? Yep.

SPEAKER_02:

Those are called step-up buyers.

SPEAKER_00:

Uh step up.

SPEAKER_02:

So they're stepping up from their previous home.

SPEAKER_00:

So it doesn't, but it doesn't affect down payment assistance, correct?

SPEAKER_02:

Correct. I mean, down payment assistance is an income and asset based program.

SPEAKER_00:

Okay, so real quick, let's back up. What is there such a thing? So a lot of people ask me this. I'd say on a weekly basis. Bill, I'm a first-time buyer. Is there a first-time buyer grant free money that I could use? Does that exist?

SPEAKER_02:

Well, it depends. Um, so some people are referring to the credit that people got back in 2008, nine, ten. The Obama credit. Yep. Bush, I think, had one as well, but no. Um, we don't have those anymore, those credits for on our taxes, but we do have down payment assistance, and there is some grants that are free.

SPEAKER_00:

Okay. So there the grant um that I want to talk about was the one which I don't know which city it was in. It was down south somewhere. It had a a finite amount, right? And it ran out.

SPEAKER_02:

Oh, yeah. A lot of them do. So the city and the county ones do run out. Yep. I'm doing one right now where the client is doing down payment assistance with Minnesota housing. Yep. I'm assisting with the financing of that. So the primary loan is buying the house. Then they're getting$14,000 to go towards their down payment andor closing costs, plus they're getting an additional$30,000 from Hennepin County.

SPEAKER_00:

From that's the fund. Wow. That's that's a lot of money. Didn't that one run out?

SPEAKER_02:

So um not currently they refund it?

SPEAKER_00:

Well not refund, like re-replenish it. Replenish it, yeah.

SPEAKER_02:

Yeah. So it um had money, then ran out. He's I was talking to our mutual friend about that. He found a house, and literally that day they ran out of funds. So then he was out of the market. That's the agent that is buying your house, as a matter of fact. And then two, three weeks later, all of a sudden, they replenished the funds. He found a different house, which is way better than the other house he had found. So he's so excited about that, and the funds were replenished. Okay. He submitted his stuff, and literally after he submitted his, he's not fully approved with them, but they secured those funds for him. They're now out of funds again. So a lot of them do run out of money. They only have so much free money.

SPEAKER_00:

But that is only that specific area, right?

SPEAKER_01:

Yeah. Two questions. How much is the down payment assistance? And does it vary off of who is applying applying?

SPEAKER_00:

So we had a kind of a blank. So let's talk about Minnesota housing finance assistance. Let's start there. Yeah, what you're right.

SPEAKER_01:

What is it?

SPEAKER_00:

Let's start there.

SPEAKER_02:

So it's down payment assistance that will assist you with your down payment and or closing costs. There is a program where you can get up to$14,000 or one that you can get up to$18,000. Um, depending upon your income, would determine if you qualify and how many people are living in the home. Your down payment assistance, um you sometimes have to pay it back when you um on a monthly basis, depending upon your income. And then when you sell the home or refinance the loan, you have to pay.

SPEAKER_00:

So there's different types.

SPEAKER_01:

So it's not so it isn't free money, you do have to pay it back. There's no free money.

SPEAKER_00:

So this is like a second mortgage, right? So there's one type. I thought it was like a grant. No, so there's one type where it's a second mortgage, you pay it monthly, okay, until that's paid off and then you don't have to worry about it anymore. Ten years. Yep. And then there's another one where it's attached to the back of the loan. Do on sale clause type of thing. So when you sell your house, it gets taken right away. Yeah. Okay. So that it's not free money. It might look like it on the second part of it, on the second qualification part, whatever it is. Yeah. It might look like free money because you're not paying it back, but on a monthly basis. On a monthly basis, it comes out of your equity when you sell your house.

SPEAKER_01:

Who does and does not qualify for this?

SPEAKER_02:

You have to be above a 650 credit score. Um, the primary loan is going to be either conventional FHA VA or USDA. And why one would use down payment assistance with VA that's 100% financing or USDA 100% financing is you can use it towards your closing costs. So if your seller is not contributing to your closing costs and you don't have the money for that, you can use this assistance program to pay your closing costs. You do have to have a thousand dollars of your own money into the transaction.

SPEAKER_00:

That's the minimum, is a thousand bucks. Um, but down payment assistance, it doesn't have to go just towards down payment. It's just the name, you know, Minnesota Housing Finance Assistance, down payment assistance. Uh-huh. It can go towards closing costs, it can go towards points if you have it. Yep. If you have extra, um, do you have to use the entire 14 or 18 grand? No, it's up to up to okay.

SPEAKER_02:

Yep, yep, up to.

SPEAKER_00:

All right. Um, so when you go into buy a house, do uh does anybody need to know about it?

SPEAKER_02:

No, you said on your contract you don't have to uh disclose.

SPEAKER_00:

So there was a thing, so this was getting discriminated against last year, the year before. I can't remember when they changed the rule, but we'd have to put in our financing terms, whether it's FHA, VA, USDA, all that stuff. And we'd have to put in if there was subordinate financing, which would be MH or Minnesota Housing Finance Assistance. Um people would see that, they would assume that the people didn't have any money and they would overlook it for the next offer or the the same offer with the same terms just didn't have um down payment assistance. Now we don't have to disclose it. So nobody knows. Nobody has to know. And honestly, sellers nobody cares. The money's the same, the check is the same.

SPEAKER_02:

Right, as long as as long as you can fulfill your end of the contract.

SPEAKER_00:

And it's how does it m matter? Let's use a scenario. So say on a regular home purchase, you're gonna put say five, ten, fifteen percent down, twenty percent down. Okay. Now, if you don't have that five to twenty percent down, you can use down payment assistance. Down payment assistance to get into your first house instead of having to save all this money for closing costs, insurances, taxes, escrows. First time buyers get blown away by it all. The nickel and dime stuff that's taking care of it.

SPEAKER_02:

Yep. Right? Yep. I just had um a mom last week that closed with down payment assistance, two kids, and she was super excited. She had lived, uh, she was renting in Minneapolis. She really did not think home ownership was within um her reach. And I was able to show her that she could do it, and she got in for the thousand dollars.

SPEAKER_00:

Those are the best our Hankley one that we just closed. Same thing. I mean, those are the fun ones when they call and say, Hey, you know what? Um, I gotta wait a couple years, but I want to buy a house. You know, I gotta save money for this. Drunk Uncle Bob told me I gotta save money for that. We're gonna come back to that. Um, but we figure out if they qualify for Minnesota Housing Finance Assistance most of the time, if you know they're first time buyers, most of the time they do if everything's right, and we're shopping in a day or two. Right. Because now you have that 14 to 18 grand, you can use torts, closing costs. Correct. All that stuff. Yeah, yeah. Right. Right.

SPEAKER_01:

Yeah, that's pretty cool. That's useful information because a lot of people think like I can't buy a house just because I don't have enough money to put down. Right. And that's like the biggest thing that people think.

SPEAKER_00:

The the myth too, uh, with the grants out there, as soon as you tell them that there's no free money, they'll be like, oh, well then I don't want to sick. No, no, just because it's not free money doesn't mean that it's not useful. Right. Right? I mean, to have a second mortgage, what's what's the average payment on that$14,000?

SPEAKER_02:

Oh, uh like less than two hundred dollars.

SPEAKER_00:

Less than two hundred dollars. Like maybe one ninety. Depends upon rates, it matches the first mortgage interest rate. Right. Um, so just because it's not free money doesn't mean it's bad because uh it's getting into your getting you into your first house. It really is, you know. It's a stepping. And most people are using three and a half percent FHA to get in their first house, and that 14 grand will cover most, if not all that, depending on the house price.

SPEAKER_01:

Is there a a limit to what you make to be able to qualify for this? Yeah. It's based on your income. What is the income requirements?

SPEAKER_02:

Well, so um depending upon if you're using startup or step up and how many people are in your household would determine what those income requirements are. You have to be below 80% of the area median income, depending upon where you're buying. So, roughly if your income's less than$105,000 a year annually combined if you're married, you would qualify. She knows the stuff off the top of her head.

SPEAKER_00:

Good to know.

SPEAKER_01:

Just off the top of her head.

SPEAKER_02:

Like$105,000,$450 or something like that.

SPEAKER_00:

And it just blows me away when she starts talking about. But it depends upon the county. Yeah. So I clarify that. And you know all this stuff, right? So if someone calls and says, Barb, I don't know if I qualify for this. Yeah, how long would it take you to figure out if they did? An hour. An hour, maybe. You know, I mean, it's to get pre-approved on honestly anything, it doesn't take that long. No, right? No, yeah, whether it's down payment assistance or even a regular mortgage. So um that conversation of I don't know if I can buy a house, yeah, call us. Call Cody, he'll connect you with Bart. You know, make sure it's Cody with a K, though. Oh, Cody with a K, it's not Cody with the C because he gets he gets a little perturbed about the C thing.

SPEAKER_01:

Um Yeah, that's me.

SPEAKER_00:

I really don't have a lot. Down payment assistance is simple. We use it all the time. Um, it gets people into their first houses.

SPEAKER_01:

The only thing that I think more people would qualify for it than they would assume.

SPEAKER_00:

And that's it is usually when people call and say, Hey, I want to get ready to buy a house, uh, you know, we'll ask them, have you thought about down payment assistance? Have you looked into it? And they go, What's that? And we'll explain it to them. Like, we don't know. So I mean, or we'll check into it and see.

SPEAKER_01:

From the standpoint of even if you do have the money for the down payment, but you do qualify for the down payment assistance, why not keep that money in your bank account?

SPEAKER_00:

Exactly.

SPEAKER_02:

Well, maybe that's good to be. You can't have more than like 12,000. But yes, but if you have five grand, why wouldn't a lot of money? Hang on to it. Yeah, why wouldn't you just use your thousand minimum requirement and save the other four? Because you never know what the future's gonna hold.

SPEAKER_01:

Maybe everybody's if you're just buying this house, you're probably painting it, you're probably buying furniture, you know. That's the shower curtains, you can buy all kinds of stuff. Yep, yep. Yep. Wow, good to know. I learned a lot this episode. I'm gonna share this with a friend.

SPEAKER_02:

Thanks, Cody.

SPEAKER_01:

If you found this helpful, share this with a friend. All right. Well, uh, I mean, do you guys have any more on this? Or do you think this one's simple? Can we wrap this one up?

SPEAKER_00:

This one is super simple. Um, it exists. The problem is people need to know it exists. Yes, right? I mean, a lot of people don't know this exists. Yep.

SPEAKER_02:

So and there is other programs as well, not just down payment assistance. So, based on your income, we do have grants available that are conventional. Um, you can get up to$2,500. That that that's free money. Free money. Free money. It's based on your income. So, you know, everything's all based on but you check all this stuff. Yeah. Right. When someone calls you a month scenario. So I'll show them. I'll show them side by side the different scenarios and what what best suits them.

SPEAKER_00:

So when Cody with a K talks to you today and gets pre-approved for his house, you're gonna go through some of this stuff. Yeah, see if he can't really. Oh boy.

SPEAKER_01:

Uh this guy is growing. What can we get him approved for?

SPEAKER_00:

You are not getting an investment property ever. I have above a 650 credit score. You're batting a thousand. You're rocking.

SPEAKER_01:

You're rocking. One of the checks is good.

SPEAKER_00:

His house is under contract.

unknown:

He's rocking.

SPEAKER_00:

He's actually in good shape.

SPEAKER_01:

He's in really good shape.

SPEAKER_00:

Yeah, heard that. You could you can hear the elation of okay, we're done.

SPEAKER_02:

Thanks for tuning in to keys in credit. Where the only thing inflated is your knowledge. Isn't the market.

SPEAKER_00:

No, isn't the market. Thanks for tuning into keys in credit.

SPEAKER_02:

Thanks for tuning into keys and credit. Where the only thing inflated isn't the market. It's your knowledge. If you found this helpful, share it with a friend or leave us a review. It helps more than you think.

SPEAKER_00:

More than you think.